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Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Instrument Accuracy Test
Measurement Introduction
Agilent E4416A/E4417A Service Guide A-5
Standard Uncertainty u(xi):
Table A-1 shows the standard deviation of the 30 readings from the DUT at various
power levels.
Table A-1: Standard Uncertainty Results
The distributions are all normal.
3458A DMM Uncertainty:
The uncertainty of the voltage measured by the 3458A is:
Conditions: 1 Year Calibration and temperature variance +/-5°C with ACAL on dc
volts.
Reference: 3458A Operating Manual Appendix A
Factory Traceability: From 6ppm to 0.5ppm Standard Uncertainty depending on
range.
Power Level
Standard Deviation of 30
Readings
Conversion to Linear Units
Standard Uncertainty
u(X(-25)) 3.162uW 0.0132dB 0.0097uW
u(X(-20)) 10uW 0.0038dB 0.009uW
u(X(-15)) 31.62uW 0.0013dB 0.0095uW
u(X(-10)) 100uW 0.0015dB 0.035uW
u(X(-5)) 316.2uW 0.0004dB 0.03uW
u(X(0)) 1mW 0.0003dB 0.00007mW
u(X(5)) 3.16227mW 0.0003dB 0.00022mW
u(X(10)) 10mW 0.0003dB 0.000690mW
u(X(15) 31.62277mW 0.0003dB 0.0022mW
u(X(20)) 100mW 0.0004dB 0.0092mW
Error = (ppm of reading + ppm of range) + (factory traceability) + (temperature coefficient)