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exposure mode Camera settings that let
the photographer take photos in automatic
mode, shutter priority mode, aperture prior-
ity mode, and manual mode. When set to
aperture priority, the shutter speed is auto-
matically set according to the chosen aper-
ture (f-stop) setting. In shutter priority
mode, the aperture is automatically set
according to the chosen shutter speed.
When using manual mode, both aperture
and shutter speeds are set by the photogra-
pher, bypassing the cameras metered read-
ing. When using automatic mode, the
camera selects the aperture and shutter
speed. Some cameras also offer Scene
modes, which are automatic modes that
adjust the settings to pre-determined
parameters, such as a wide aperture for the
portrait scene mode and high shutter speed
for sports scene mode.
fill flash A lighting technique where the
Speedlight provides enough light to illumi-
nate the subject in order to eliminate shad-
ows. Using a flash for outdoor portraits
often brightens up the subject in conditions
where the camera’s meters light from a
broader scene.
flash An external light source that produces
an almost instant flash of light in order to
illuminate a scene. Your Nikon Speedlight is
a flash.
flash button A button on the rear panel of
the Speedlight used to test fire the flash.
flash color information communication
Color temperature information is automati-
cally transmitted to the camera, providing
the camera the correct white balance set-
ting, giving you accurate color in your image
when shooting photos with a Speedlight.
flash exposure compensation Adjusting
the flash output by +/– 3 stops in 1/3 stop
increments. If images are too dark (under-
exposed), use flash exposure compensation
to increase the flash output. If images are
too bright (overexposed), you can use flash
exposure compensation to reduce the flash
output.
flash head The part of the Speedlight that
houses the flash tube that fires when taking
a flash photo. Flash heads can be adjusted
for position. See flash head tilting.
flash head rotating lock release Buttons
located on the left and right side of the flash
head, that when pressed, enables you to
adjust the position of the flash head hori-
zontally or vertically.
flash head tilting Adjusting the flash head
horizontally or vertically by pressing the tilt-
ing/rotating lock release button and reposi-
tioning the flash head. Often used to point
the flash in an upward position when using
bounce flash. Tilt the flash head straight up
toward the ceiling when using the catch
light panel.
flash modes Obtaining correct flash expo-
sure when the Speedlight measures flash
illumination from the subject, combining
the camera’s lens, ISO, aperture and shutter
speed values. Flash modes include Auto
Aperture, non-TTL automatic mode, and
Manual mode.
flash output level The output level of the
flash as determined by one of the flash
modes used. If using Manual mode, proper
guide numbers need to be calculated in
order to provide the correct amount of illu-
mination.
flash shooting distance and range The
actual range that the Speedlight has
the ability to properly illuminate a subject.
The range, typically between 2 to 60 feet, is
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