Filter
Top Products
ɪɭɫɫɤɢ ɂɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɲɧɟɤɨɪɨɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɫɧɟɝɨɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟɥɹ
116
Ɋɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɨ
ɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ
Ɉɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɪɚɜɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɥɸɛɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ
ɧɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ:
– Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ.
– ȼɵɧɭɬɶ ɤɥɸɱ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ ɢ
ɧɚɤɨɧɟɱɧɢɤ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɤ ɫɜɟɱɟ
ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ.
– ɉɨɞɨɠɞɚɬɶ, ɩɨɤɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ
ɨɯɥɚɞɢɬɫɹ.
ȼɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ
ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟ ɧɟɩɨɥɚɞɤɢ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
Ⱦɥɹ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ
ɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɡɚɩɚɫɧɵɦɢ
ɱɚɫɬɹɦɢ.
Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
• ɉɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɧɚ
ɩɪɨɱɧɭɸ, ɪɨɜɧɭɸ ɢ
ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɭ.
• ɍɞɚɥɢɬɶ ɩɪɢɫɬɚɜɲɭɸ ɝɪɹɡɶ.
• ɑɟɪɟɡ ɫɬɜɨɥ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɛɪɨɫɚ ɫɧɟɝɚ
ɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɩɪɨɬɨɱɧɨɣ
ɜɨɞɨɣ ɢ ɜɵɫɭɲɢɬɶ ɟɺ.
• Ɉɱɢɫɬɢɬɶ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɬɪɹɩɤɨɣ ɢ
ɳɺɬɤɨɣ.
ɋɦɚɡɤɚ
ɋɦɚɡɚɬɶ ɜɫɟ ɜɪɚɳɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɢ
ɞɜɢɠɭɳɢɟɫɹ ɭɡɥɵ ɥɟɝɤɢɦ ɦɚɫɥɨɦ.
ȼɵɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɲɢɧɚɯ
(STH 5.56, STH 8.66)
Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɲɢɧɚɯ
ɨɤɨɥɨ 1 ɛɚɪ.
Ɋɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ
ɧɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟ
ɫɦ. "ɂɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɩɨ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɸ".
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ
ɱɟɪɜɹɱɧɨɦ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɟ
Ɋɢɫ. 3
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ:
• ɇɚɠɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɥɟɜɵɣ ɪɵɱɚɝ
ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ (1) ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɩɨ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɨɬ ɫɟɛɹ
(ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ 1); ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ
ɩɪɢɠɚɬɶ ɪɟɡɢɧɭ (3) ɜɧɢɡ, ɬɹɝɚ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ (5)
ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɧɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɫɥɚɛɢɬɶɫɹ.
ɉɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɫɥɚɛɢɬɶ ɟɺ
(ɫɦ. "ɂɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɬɹɝɢ
ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ").
• Ɉɬɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ ɪɵɱɚɝ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ (1). Ɍɹɝɚ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ (5) ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɛɟɡ
ɡɚɡɨɪɚ, ɧɨ ɧɟ ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɧɚɬɹɧɭɬɚ.
ȼ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ (ɫɦ. "ɂɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɬɹɝɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ").
• Ɋɵɱɚɝ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ
(1) ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ
ɨɩɭɫɤɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɧɢɡ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ.
ȼ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɬɹɝɚ
ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɫɢɥɶɧɨ
ɧɚɬɹɧɭɬɚ ɢ ɟɺ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɫɥɚɛɢɬɶ
(ɫɦ. "ɂɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɬɹɝɢ
ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ").
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ
ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ
Ɋɢɫ. 1
• (ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɫ ɝɭɫɟɧɢɱɧɵɦ
ɩɪɢɜɨɞɨɦ)
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɪɵɱɚɝ
(Ɋɢɫ. 4, ɩɨɡ. 1) ɜ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ III
(ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɚ).
• ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɪɵɱɚɝ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
(6) ɧɚ ɫɚɦɵɣ ɛɵɫɬɪɵɣ ɯɨɞ
ɜɩɟɪɺɞ (ɧɚ ɫɚɦɭɸ ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ
ɰɢɮɪɭ).
• ɉɪɢ ɨɬɩɭɳɟɧɧɨɦ ɪɵɱɚɝɟ
ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ (2) ɫɞɜɢɧɭɬɶ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ
ɜɩɟɪɺɞ.
• ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɞɜɢɝɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ
ɪɵɱɚɝ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ (6) ɧɚ
ɫɚɦɵɣ ɛɵɫɬɪɵɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɵɣ ɯɨɞ
"R " ɢ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɵɣ
ɛɵɫɬɪɵɣ ɯɨɞ ɜɩɟɪɺɞ.
• ȿɫɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɢɥɢ
ɫɦɟɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱ (ɯɨɞɚ) ɛɭɞɟɬ
ɡɚɦɟɬɧɨ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ
ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɬɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɨɫɥɚɛɢɬɶ ɬɹɝɭ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ (ɫɦ.
"ɂɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɬɹɝɢ
ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ").
• ɉɪɢ ɫɞɜɢɝɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɶ ɧɚ
ɪɵɱɚɝ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ (2). Ʉɨɥɺɫɚ/
ɝɭɫɟɧɢɰɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ
ɡɚɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ. ȼ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɫɥɟɝɤɚ ɧɚɬɹɧɭɬɶ ɬɹɝɭ
ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ (ɫɦ. "ɂɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɬɹɝɢ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ").
• ȿɫɥɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɟɳɺ ɧɟ ɫɨɜɫɟɦ ɜ
ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɢɥɢ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɫɨɦɧɟɧɢɹ,
ɬɨ ɫɦ. "ɉɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ
ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ".
ɂɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɬɹɝɢ
ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ
Ɋɢɫ. 3
• Ⱦɥɹ ɬɹɝ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱɧɨɣ ɜɬɭɥɤɨɣ (6):
– ɧɚɬɹɧɭɬɶ: ɨɫɥɚɛɢɬɶ ɝɚɣɤɭ (7) ɢ
ɜɜɢɧɬɢɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱɧɭɸ
ɜɬɭɥɤɭ (6).
– ɨɫɥɚɛɢɬɶ: ɨɫɥɚɛɢɬɶ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱɧɭɸ ɜɬɭɥɤɭ (6) ɢ
ɡɚɜɢɧɬɢɬɶ ɝɚɣɤɭ (7).
• Ⱦɥɹ ɬɹɝ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ
ɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɪɭɠɢɧɨɣ (8):
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɨɬɰɟɩɢɬɶ ɩɪɭɠɢɧɭ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɫɧɨɜɚ
ɡɚɰɟɩɢɬɶ ɟɺ. Ɍɹɝɚ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ, ɟɫɥɢ
ɩɪɭɠɢɧɚ ɩɪɢ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɢ
ɪɚɫɬɹɝɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ 2 ɞɨ 3 ɫɦ.
– ɧɚɬɹɧɭɬɶ: ɫɬɨɩɨɪɧɭɸ ɝɚɣɤɭ (9)
ɡɚɜɢɧɬɢɬɶ ɧɚɜɟɪɯ.
- ɨɫɥɚɛɢɬɶ: ɫɬɨɩɨɪɧɭɸ ɝɚɣɤɭ (9)
ɡɚɜɢɧɬɢɬɶ ɜɧɢɡ.
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ
ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ
Ɋɢɫ. 10
ȼɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ
ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟ ɧɟɩɨɥɚɞɤɢ ɜ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ
Ɉɛɪɚɳɚɬɶ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɟ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
, ɱɬɨɛɵ
– ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɨɫɬɚɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɜ
ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɢ ɢ
– ɱɬɨɛɵ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ ɢɥɢ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɧɟ
ɩɨɩɚɞɚɥɢ ɜ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɣ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ
ɢɥɢ
– ɜɵɬɟɤɚɥɢ ɧɚɪɭɠɭ.
• Ɉɫɥɚɛɢɬɶ ɜɢɧɬɵ ɧɚ ɤɪɵɲɤɟ
ɪɚɦɵ; ɩɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ
ɧɚɤɥɨɧɢɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɜɩɟɪɺɞ.
• ɋ ɨɬɩɭɳɟɧɧɵɦ ɪɵɱɚɝɨɦ
ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚ
ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ (Ɋɢɫ. 1, ɩɨɡ. 2)
ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɜɫɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ
(ɯɨɞɵ); ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɮɪɢɤɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ
ɤɨɥɟɫɨ (2) ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɤɚɫɚɬɶɫɹ
ɩɪɢɜɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɞɢɫɤɚ (3). ȼ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɨɫɥɚɛɢɬɶ ɬɹɝɭ
ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ (ɫɦ. "ɂɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɬɹɝɢ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ").
!