of erosion and do not require electrical components. Most include some
type of replaceable cartridge, that contains the copper, silver or zinc
materials.
24 - Biguanide: the generic name for a non-chlorine, non-bromine,
sanitizer that utilizes the polymer PHMB (polyhexamethylene bigu-
anide). It is used to totally eliminate the use of chlorine or bromine.
25 - Biolm: a slippery coating of microorganisms that can develop in
poorly sanitized pools and spas.
26 - Brominator: feeding devices used to introduce bromine into pools
or spas. Most automatic types can be plumbed inline. Others are simple
oating varieties. All are intended to make the application of bromine
easier and more consistent.
27 - Calcium Carbonate: crystalline deposits (scale) that can form on
all under water surfaces, if the water is excessively high in calciumhard-
ness. High pH and high total alkalinity can worsen the problem.
28 - Oxidation: the chemical reaction by which organic matter is
“burned” or destroyed, by the action of chlorine, bromine, ozone, hy-
drogen peroxide or non-chlorine shock. Oxidation may cause miner-
als such as iron, manganese and copper to form discoloring stains and
precipitates, if not treated properly.
29 - Ozonator: a device for producing Ozone (O3), by either a UV (ul-
traviolet) light source or by electrical arcing (corona discharge). Used
for oxidizing and sanitizing purposes in both pools and spas.
30 - Ozone (O3): typically produced by an Ozonator installed in a pool
or spa. Ozone (O3) is a form of oxygen (O2) and is a powerful oxidizing
agent. It is used to destroy organic waste and byproducts and help in the
control of algae and bacteria. Ozone is not a stand alone sanitizer and
requires the supplementation of chlorine, bromine,
minerals, or ionization.
31 - Soft Water: is water that is low in calcium and magnesium hard-
ness. Such water can prove to be corrosive to masonry surfaces and
underwater metal parts. The calcium hardness level can be raised,
to the optimum range of 150-200 PPM, by the addition of appropriate
amounts of a calcium hardness increaser (calcium hardness).
70
