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Alternating Current (AC) An electric current
that reverses direction at regular intervals.
Sources of alternating current are shorepower,
generator power, inverter power or household
current.
Ampere (amp, A) The unit of measure of
electron flow rate of current through a circuit.
Amp hour (Amp-Hr., Ah) A unit of measure for
a battery’s electrical storage capacity, obtained
by multiplying the current in amperes by the
time in hours of discharge. (Example: a battery
which delivers 5 amperes for 20 hours delivers
5 amperes times 20 hours, or 100 amp hours
of capacity.)
Amp-Hour Capacity The ability of a fully
charged battery to deliver a specified quantity
of electricity (Amp-Hr., Ah) at a given rate
(amp, A) over a definite period of time (Hr.).
The capacity of a battery depends upon a
number of factors such as: active material,
weight, density, adhesion to grid, number,
design and dimensions of plates, plate spacing
design of separators, specific gravity and
quantity of available electrolyte, grid alloys, final
limiting voltage, discharge rate, temperature,
internal and external resistance, age and life of
the battery (bank).
AGM (Absorbed Glass Mat) Battery A lead
acid, maintenance-free battery.
AWG (American Wire Gauge) A standard
used to measure the size of wire.
Circuit An electric circuit is the path of an
electric current. A closed circuit has a
complete path. An open circuit has a broken or
disconnected path.
Circuit (Series) A circuit which has only one
path for the current to flow. Batteries arranged
in series are connected with the negative of the
GLOSSARY
first to the positive of the second, negative of
the second to the positive of the third, etc. If
two 6-volt batteries of 50 amp-hours capacity
are connected in series, the circuit voltage is
equal to the sum of the two battery voltages, or
12 volts, and the amp-hour capacity of the
combination is 50 amp hours.
Circuit (Parallel) A circuit which provides
more than one path for current flow. A parallel
arrangement of batteries (of like voltage and
capacity) would have all positive terminals
connected to a conductor and all negative
terminals connected to another conductor. If two
12-volt batteries of 50 amp-hour capacity each
are connected in parallel, the circuit voltage is 12
volts, and the amp-hour capacity of the
combination is 100 amp hours.
Current The rate of flow of electricity or the
movement rate of electrons along a conductor.
It is comparable to the flow of a stream of water.
The unit of measure for current is ampere.
Cycle In a battery, one discharge plus one
recharge equals one cycle.
Direct Current (DC) Current that flows
continuously in one direction such as that from
batteries, photovoltaics, alternators, chargers
and DC generators.
Equalize Charge A controlled overcharge of
the batteries which brings all cells up to the
same voltage potential, extends the battery life,
restores capacity and mixes the electrolyte.
This can only be done using the Remote
Control Panel.
Gel Cell Battery A type of battery that uses a
gelled electrolyte solution. These batteries are
sealed and are virtually maintenance free. Not
all sealed batteries are the gel cell type.